Content segment detection and replacement

ABSTRACT

Methods and systems for providing content are disclosed. One method can comprise receiving a request for content comprising at least a first segment. The method can also comprise determining an expiration condition of the first segment, and replacing the first segment with a second segment based on the expiration condition. The method can also comprise providing the second segment to a user or a device.

BACKGROUND

Traditionally consumer content has been broadcast on a variety ofchannels through a variety of mediums. Broadcasting allows many users inone area to access the content at the time the content is broadcastedfrom the content provider. Broadcasted content is made available to alarge audience and is not customized to individual consumers. Broadcastcontent or parts of the broadcast content can become outdated if viewedat a time later than the original broadcast. Additionally, even contentthat is customized to a particular consumer or group of consumers canbecome outdated when viewed after the original time of delivery. Thus,there is a need for more sophisticated systems and methods for providingcontent.

SUMMARY

It is to be understood that both the following general description andthe following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory onlyand are not restrictive, as claimed. Disclosed are methods and systemsfor providing content. An example method can comprise receiving arequest for content comprising at least a first segment (e.g.,advertisement or other content). An expiration condition of the firstsegment can be determined. The first segment can be replaced with asecond segment based on the expiration condition. Additionally, thesecond segment can be transmitted to users in response to the request.

In one aspect, an example method can comprise receiving user data. Theuser data can indicate first content scheduled to be recorded on a userdevice. A segment can be inserted into second content based on the userdata. The second content having the segment can be provided to a userdevice. Additional aspects and advantages will be set forth in part inthe description which follows or may be learned by practice. Theadvantages will be realized and attained by means of the elements andcombinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate embodiments and together with thedescription, serve to explain the principles of the methods and systems:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating various aspects of an examplesystem in which the present methods and systems can operate;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example computer system inwhich the present methods and systems can operate;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example system for providingcontent;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating another example system forproviding content;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example system for providingcontent;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example method for providingcontent; and

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating another example method for providingcontent.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Before the present methods and systems are disclosed and described, itis to be understood that the methods and systems are not limited tospecific methods, specific components, or to particular implementations.It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for thepurpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended tobe limiting.

As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms“a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearlydictates otherwise. Ranges may be expressed herein as from “about” oneparticular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When sucha range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the oneparticular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, whenvalues are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent“about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms anotherembodiment. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each ofthe ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, andindependently of the other endpoint.

“Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described eventor circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includesinstances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where itdoes not.

Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the word“comprise” and variations of the word, such as “comprising” and“comprises,” means “including but not limited to,” and is not intendedto exclude, for example, other components, integers or steps,“Exemplary” means “an example of” and is not intended to convey anindication of a preferred or ideal embodiment. “Such as” is not used ina restrictive sense, but for explanatory purposes.

Disclosed are components that can be used to perform the disclosedmethods and systems. These and other components are disclosed herein,and it is understood that when combinations, subsets, interactions,groups, etc. of these components are disclosed that while specificreference of each various individual and collective combinations andpermutation of these may not be explicitly disclosed, each isspecifically contemplated and described herein, for all methods andsystems. This applies to aspects of this application including, but notlimited to, steps in disclosed methods. Thus, if there are a variety ofadditional steps that can be performed it is understood that each ofthese additional steps can be performed with any specific embodiment orcombination of embodiments of the disclosed methods.

The present methods and systems may be understood more readily byreference to the following detailed description of preferred embodimentsand the examples included therein and to the Figures and their previousand following description.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the methods andsystems may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, anentirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software andhardware aspects. Furthermore, the methods and systems may take the formof a computer program product on a computer-readable storage mediumhaving computer-readable program instructions (e.g., computer software)embodied in the storage medium. More particularly, the present methodsand systems may take the form of web-implemented computer software. Anysuitable computer-readable storage medium may be utilized including harddisks, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, or magnetic storage devices.

Embodiments of the methods and systems are described below withreference to block diagrams and flowchart illustrations of methods,systems, apparatuses and computer program products. It will beunderstood that each block of the block diagrams and flowchartillustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams andflowchart illustrations, respectively, can be implemented by computerprogram instructions. These computer program instructions may be loadedonto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such thatthe instructions which execute on the computer or other programmabledata processing apparatus create a means for implementing the functionsspecified in the flowchart block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in acomputer-readable memory that can direct a computer or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readablememory produce an article of manufacture including computer-readableinstructions for implementing the function specified in the flowchartblock or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loadedonto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to causea series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or otherprogrammable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process suchthat the instructions that execute on the computer or other programmableapparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in theflowchart block or blocks.

Accordingly, blocks of the block diagrams and flowchart illustrationssupport combinations of means for performing the specified functions,combinations of steps for performing the specified functions and programinstruction means for performing the specified functions. It will alsobe understood that each block of the block diagrams and flowchartillustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams andflowchart illustrations, can be implemented by special purposehardware-based computer systems that perform the specified functions orsteps, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computerinstructions.

The present disclosure relates to providing custom content. For example,recorded content can be customized at the time the content is recordedor at a later time when a part of the content has become outdated. Asexplained in further detail below, the recorded content can becustomized at the content provider end, at the content consumer end, orat any point therebetween, based on demographics, geographic location,user device, user device settings, user subscription level, expirationconditions, and the like. Additionally, a history and/or schedule ofcontent recordings can be used to customize content.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating various aspects of an examplesystem in which the present methods and systems can operate. Thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that present methods may be used insystems that employ both digital and analog equipment. One skilled inthe art will appreciate that provided herein is a functional descriptionand that the respective functions can be performed by software,hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.

The system 100 can comprise a central location 101 (e.g., a dataprocessing facility, such as a headend), which can receive or createcontent (e.g., data, input programming, and the like) from multiplesources. The central location 101 can combine the content from thevarious sources and can distribute the content to specific devices oruser (e.g., subscriber) locations (e.g., location 119) via distributionsystem 116.

In an aspect, the central location 101 can receive content from avariety of sources 102 a, 102 b, 102 c. The content can be transmittedfrom the source to the central location 101 via a variety oftransmission paths, including wireless (e.g. satellite paths 103 a, 103b) and terrestrial path 104. The central location 101 can also receivecontent from a direct feed source 106 via a direct line 105. Other inputsources can comprise capture devices such as a video camera 109 or aserver 110. The signals provided by the content sources can include asingle content item or a multiplex that includes several content items.

The central location 101 can comprise one or a plurality of receivers111 a, 111 b, 111 c, 111 d that are each associated with an inputsource. For example, MPEG encoders such as encoder 112, are included forencoding local content or a video camera 109 feed. A switch 113 canprovide access to server 110, which can be a database, a Pay-Per-Viewserver, a data server, an internet router, a network system, a phonesystem, and the like. Some signals may require additional processing,such as signal multiplexing, prior to being modulated. Such multiplexingcan be performed by multiplexer (mux) 114.

The central location 101 can comprise one or a plurality of modulators115 for interfacing to the distribution system 116. The modulators canconvert the received content into a modulated output signal suitable fortransmission over the distribution system 116. The output signals fromthe modulators can be combined, using equipment such as a combiner 117,for input into the distribution system 116.

A control system 118 can permit a system operator to control and monitorthe functions and performance of system 100. The control system 118 caninterface, monitor, and/or control a variety of functions, including,but not limited to, the channel lineup for the television system,billing for each user, conditional access for content distributed tousers, and the like. Control system 118 can provide input to themodulators for setting operating parameters, such as system specificMPEG table packet organization or conditional access information. Thecontrol system 118 can be located at central location 101 or at a remotelocation.

The distribution system 116 can distribute signals from the centrallocation 101 to user locations, such as user location 119. Thedistribution system 116 can be an optical fiber network, a coaxial cablenetwork, a hybrid fiber-coaxial network, a wireless network, a satellitesystem, a direct broadcast system, or any combination thereof. There canbe a multitude of user locations connected to distribution system 116.In one aspect, the distribution system 116 can comprise one or moreprogram substitutors 122 configured to insert and/or replace content orcontent segments before the content is distributed at user location 119.At user location 119, a decoder 120, such as a gateway or homecommunications terminal (HCT) can decode, if needed, the signals fordisplay on a display device, such as on a television set (TV) 121 or acomputer monitor. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that thesignal can be decoded in a variety of equipment, including an HCT, acomputer, a TV, a monitor, or satellite dish. In an exemplary aspect,the methods and systems disclosed can be located within, or performedon, one or more HCT's 120. TV's 121, central locations 101, DVR's, hometheater PC's, and the like.

In an aspect, user location 119 is not fixed. By way of example, a usercan receive content from the distribution system 116 on a mobile devicesuch as a laptop computer, PDA, smartphone, GPS, vehicle entertainmentsystem, portable media player, and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, the methods and systems disclosed can belocated within the central location 101 and/or the user location 119.For example, methods and systems can be located within servers 110,program substitutors 122, third party content servers at anotherlocation, and the like. As described in more detail herein, the programsubstitutors 122 or other devices can provide replacement content for aparticular user location 119. As another example, the server 110 can beconfigured to insert and/or replace a content segment in content that isprovided at the user location 119. Additionally, various input sources102 a, 102 b, and 102 c can be selected to provide replacement contentsegments in content provided at the user location 119.

In an aspect, the methods and systems can utilize digital audio/videocompression such as MPEG, or any other type of compression. The MovingPictures Experts Group (MPEG) was established by the InternationalStandards Organization (ISO) for the purpose of creating standards fordigital audio/video compression. The MPEG experts created the MPEG-1 andMPEG-2 standards, with the MPEG-1 standard being a subset of the MPEG-2standard. The combined MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 standards arehereinafter referred to as MPEG. In an MPEG encoded transmission,content and other data are transmitted in packets, which collectivelymake up a transport stream. In an exemplary embodiment, the presentmethods and systems can employ transmission of MPEG packets. However,the present methods and systems are not so limited, and can beimplemented using other types of transmission and data.

In an exemplary aspect, the methods and systems can be implemented on acomputing device 201 as illustrated in FIG. 2 and described below. Byway of example, user device 306 of FIG. 3, content device 402 of FIG. 4,the content source 504 of FIG. 5 can, for example, be computing devicesas illustrated in FIG. 2. Similarly, the methods and systems disclosedcan utilize one or more computers to perform one or more functions inone or more locations. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating anexemplary operating environment for performing the disclosed methods.This exemplary operating environment is only an example of an operatingenvironment and is not intended to suggest any limitation as to thescope of use or functionality of operating environment architecture.Neither should the operating environment be interpreted as having anydependency or requirement relating to any one or combination ofcomponents illustrated in the exemplary operating environment.

The present methods and systems can be operational with numerous othergeneral purpose or special purpose computing system environments orconfigurations. Examples of well-known computing systems, environments,and/or configurations that can be suitable for use with the systems andmethods comprise, but are not limited to, personal computers, servercomputers, laptop devices, and multiprocessor systems. Additionalexamples comprise set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics,network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computingenvironments that comprise any of the above systems or devices, and thelike.

The processing of the disclosed methods and systems can be performed bysoftware components. The disclosed systems and methods can be describedin the general context of computer-executable instructions, such asprogram modules, being executed by one or more computers or otherdevices. Generally, program modules comprise computer code, routines,programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Thedisclosed methods can also be practiced in grid-based and distributedcomputing environments where tasks are performed by remote processingdevices that are linked through a communications network. In adistributed computing environment, program modules can be located inboth local and remote computer storage media including memory storagedevices.

Further, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the systems andmethods disclosed herein can be implemented via a general-purposecomputing device in the form of a computer 201. The components of thecomputer 201 can comprise, but are not limited to, one or moreprocessors or processing units 203, a system memory 212, and a systembus 213 that couples various system components including the processor203 to the system memory 212. In the case of multiple processing units203, the system can utilize parallel computing.

The system bus 213 represents one or more of several possible types ofbus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, aperipheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or localbus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, sucharchitectures can comprise an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus,a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, an Enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, aVideo Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, an AcceleratedGraphics Port (AGP) bus, and a Peripheral Component interconnects (PCI),a PCI-Express bus, a Personal Computer Memory Card industry Association(PCMCIA), Universal Serial Bus (USB) and the like. The bus 213, and allbuses specified in this description can also be implemented over a wiredor wireless network connection and each of the subsystems, including theprocessor 203, a mass storage device 204, an operating system 205,content insertion software 206, content insertion data 207, a networkadapter 208, system memory 212, an Input/Output Interface 210, a displayadapter 209, a display device 211, and a human machine interface 202,can be contained within one or more remote computing devices 214 a,b,cat physically separate locations, connected through buses of this form,in effect implementing a fully distributed system.

The computer 201 typically comprises a variety of computer readablemedia. Exemplary readable media can be any available media that isaccessible by the computer 201 and comprises, for example and not meantto be limiting, both volatile and non-volatile media, removable andnon-removable media. The system memory 212 comprises computer readablemedia in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory(RAM), and/or non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM). Thesystem memory 212 typically contains data such as content insertion data207 and/or program modules such as operating system 205 and contentinsertion software 206 that are immediately accessible to and/or arepresently operated on by the processing unit 203.

In another aspect, the computer 201 can also comprise otherremovable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer storage media.By way of example, FIG. 2 illustrates a mass storage device 204 whichcan provide non-volatile storage of computer code, computer readableinstructions, data structures, program modules, and other data for thecomputer 201. For example and not meant to be limiting, a mass storagedevice 204 can be a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk, a removableoptical disk, magnetic cassettes or other magnetic storage devices,flash memory cards, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or otheroptical storage, random access memories (RAM), read only memories (ROM),electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and thelike.

Optionally, any number of program modules can be stored on the massstorage device 204, including by way of example, an operating system 205and content insertion software 206. Each of the operating system 205 andcontent insertion software 206 (or some combination thereof) cancomprise elements of the programming and the content insertion software206. Content insertion data 207 can also be stored on the mass storagedevice 204. Content insertion data 207 can be stored in any of one ormore databases known in the art. Examples of such databases comprise,DB2®, Microsoft® Access, Microsoft® SQL Server, Oracle®, mySQL,PostgreSQL, and the like. The databases can be centralized ordistributed across multiple systems.

In another aspect, the user can enter commands and information into thecomputer 201 via an input device (not shown). Examples of such inputdevices comprise, but are not limited to, a keyboard, pointing device(e.g., a “mouse”), a microphone, a joystick, a scanner, tactile inputdevices such as gloves, and other body coverings, and the like. Theseand other input devices can be connected to the processing unit 203 viaa human machine interface 202 that is coupled to the system bus 213, butcan be connected by other interface and bus structures, such as aparallel port, game port, an IEEE 1394 Port (also known as a Firewireport), a serial port, or a universal serial bus (USB).

In yet another aspect, a display device 211 can also be connected to thesystem bus 213 via an interface, such as a display adapter 209. It iscontemplated that the computer 201 can have more than one displayadapter 209 and the computer 201 can have more than one display device211. For example, a display device can be a monitor, an LCD (LiquidCrystal Display), or a projector. In addition to the display device 211,other output peripheral devices can comprise components such as speakers(not shown) and a printer (not shown) which can be connected to thecomputer 201 via. Input/Output Interface 210. Any step and/or result ofthe methods can be output in any form to an output device. Such outputcan be any form of visual representation, including, but not limited to,textual, graphical, animation, audio, tactile, and the like. The display211 and computer 201 can be part of one device, or separate devices.

The computer 201 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections to one or more remote computing devices 214 a,b,c. By way ofexample, a remote computing device can be a personal computer, portablecomputer, smartphone, a server, a router, a network computer, a peerdevice or other common network node, and so on. Logical connectionsbetween the computer 201 and a remote computing device 214 a,b,c can bemade via a network 215, such as a local area network (LAN) and/or ageneral wide area network (WAN). Such network connections can be througha network adapter 208. A network adapter 208 can be implemented in bothwired and wireless environments. Such networking environments areconventional and commonplace in dwellings, offices, enterprise-widecomputer networks, intranets, and the Internet.

For purposes of illustration, application programs and other executableprogram components such as the operating system 205 are illustratedherein as discrete blocks, although it is recognized that such programsand components reside at various times in different storage componentsof the computing device 201, and are executed by the data processor(s)of the computer. An implementation of content insertion software 206 canbe stored on or transmitted across some form of computer readable media.Any of the disclosed methods can be performed by computer readableinstructions embodied on computer readable media. Computer readablemedia can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. Byway of example and not meant to be limiting, computer readable media cancomprise “computer storage media” and “communications media.” “Computerstorage media” comprise volatile and non-volatile, removable andnon-removable media implemented in any methods or technology for storageof information such as computer readable instructions, data structures,program modules, or other data. Exemplary computer storage mediacomprises, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory orother memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or otheroptical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which canbe used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by acomputer.

The methods and systems can employ artificial intelligence techniquessuch as machine learning and iterative learning. Examples of suchtechniques include, but are not limited to, expert systems, case basedreasoning, Bayesian networks, behavior based AI, neural networks, fuzzysystems, evolutionary computation (e.g. genetic algorithms), swarmintelligence (e.g. ant algorithms), and hybrid intelligent systems (e.g.Expert inference rules generated through a neural network or productionrules from statistical learning).

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example system 300 forproviding content. In one aspect, the system 300 can comprise a firstcontent source 302 configured to provide content 303 over a network 304.For example, the first co ent source 302 can comprise all or a portionof the system 100 described above. As another example, the network 304can comprise the distribution system 116 described above.

The system 300 can further comprise a user device 306 configured toreceive content 303 from the first content source 302 through thenetwork 304 (and/or additional networks) and provide content 303 to auser. The user device 306 can comprise a personal computer, set-top box,digital streaming device, television, tablet device, mobile device(e.g., smart phone), or another electronic device. In an aspect, theuser device 306 can comprise a storage unit 308 configured to storecontent 303. For example, the storage unit 308 can comprise a digitalvideo recorder (MIR) configured to store (e.g., persist, record, save innon-volatile memory) content received by the user device 306 from thefirst content source 302.

In another aspect, the user device 306 can comprise a parsing unit 310configured to detect content segments (e.g., one or more contentfragments) of the content 303. For example, content provided to a userdevice 306 can comprise a plurality of content segments. The contentsegments can be distinct, controllable elements or portions of data(e.g., content fragments) that together comprise the content 303. In oneaspect, a content segment can be a disruption of content (e.g. anadvertisement, notification) within particular content (e.g., an episodeof a television show). A content segment can be indicated by or compriseone or more markers within the content 303. An exemplary marker cancomprise an identifier, date, time and other information and markers foradditional control. For example, the marker can comprise a time-relatedmarker. In one aspect, the time-related marker can indicate a dateand/or time at which the content expires or otherwise should not beprocessed or rendered by the user device 306. As another example, themarker can comprise information indicating a target region for thecontent (e.g., geographic information), and/or topic informationindicating a category and/or subject of the content or content segment.Additionally, the marker can comprise a time length of the content orcontent segment indicating the duration of time of the content orcontent segment, and/or the location of the segment relative to thecontent.

In one aspect, markers can be embedded in content (e.g., shows,advertising, and the like) and/or content segments which are provided tothe user device 306. In one aspect, the markers can be located at thebeginning of the content 303 and/or the beginning of each contentsegment within the content 303. As an example, the content 303 (e.g., atelevision show, movie, media clip) can comprise a marker at thebeginning of the content 303, and each content segment (e.g.,advertisement) contained within the content 303 can comprise a marker.The parsing unit 310 can process (e.g., read, identify information) themarkers before the content 303 is provided to the user.

When the parsing unit 310 detects a marker indicating a content segmentis expired or otherwise not current, or it is desirable to reproduce thecontent segment, the parsing unit 310 can evaluate one or more markersor other rules for instructions. In one aspect, the instructions candirect the user device 306 to retrieve (e.g., download, stream)replacement content or segment. For example, a marker in a contentsegment can indicate that the content segment is expired or that it isotherwise desirable to replace the content segment. The content can beexpired, for example, when a current date and/or time is past anexpiration date and/or time specified in the marker. Additionally,content 303 can be expired for other reasons, such as when the firstcontent source 302 has indicated that a content segment associated witha particular identifier can no longer be played on a user device 306. Asanother example, content can be expired after the content has beenviewed more than a specified or predetermined number of times. In oneaspect, the expiration or other temporal condition can be evaluateddifferently based on network connectivity of the user device 306. Forexample, if the user device 106 is temporarily disconnected from thenetwork 304, the content can be determined to be expired based on adifferent set of rules and/or criteria, than if user device 306 isconnected to the network 304.

In one aspect, the parsing unit 310 can determine if content is expiredbased on a user interaction. For example, if a user provides aninstruction not to view particular content (e.g., advertisement) or aparticular category of content, then the user device 306 can deem theparticular content or content associated with the particular category ofcontent as expired. As another example, a user can also provide aninstruction that the user is interested in a particular kind of content.In another aspect, the parsing unit 310 can determine if the content isexpired based on a viewing history of the user. For example, if thecontent history indicates that the user has viewed the content aspecified number of times, then the content can be deemed to be expired.As a further example, if a content segment was viewed as part of othercontent, then parsing unit 310 can determine that the content isexpired.

In one aspect, the user device 306 can comprise a retrieval unit 312configured to retrieve replacement content. In one aspect, the retrievalunit 312 can process information detected in the markers identified bythe parsing unit 310. Then, the retrieval unit 312 can retrievereplacement content (e.g., replacement content segments). The retrievalunit 312 can select replacement content to replace at least a portion ofthe content 303 on the user device 306. For example, the retrieval unit312 can select replacement content based on one or more criteria. Thecriteria can comprise, for example, an identifier of a content segment,a category, a geographic region, demographic information of one or moreusers of the user device, a time duration, an aspect ratio, a contentresolution, and the like. Alternatively, the retrieval unit 312 cansupply the criteria to a second content source 314, and the secondcontent source 314 can select the replacement content based on thecriteria. In one aspect, the retrieval unit 312 can be configured torecord a history of which content segments (e.g., advertisements) werereplaced. The history of which content segments were replaced can beprovided to the first content source 302, second content source 314,and/or another device on the network 304.

In one aspect, the system 300 can comprise a second content source 314.The second content source 314 can be configured to receive requests fromthe user device 306 for content segments. Accordingly, the secondcontent source 314 can provide replacement content segments to the userdevice 306. In one aspect, the second content source 314 can receiveinstructions from the user device 306 indicating the criteria forselecting a replacement content segment. The criteria can comprise anidentifier of a content segment, a category, a geographic region,demographic information of one or more users of the user device, timeduration, aspect ratio, content resolution, and the like. The secondcontent source 314 can apply a decision process to select replacementcontent segments based on the criteria. Then, the second content source314 can provide the replacement content segment to the user device 306.In one aspect, the replacement content segment can be provided to theuser device 306 through a packet-switched network, such as an InternetProtocol based network or a non-packet switched network (e.g.,quadrature amplitude modulation based network).

It should be noted that in some implementations replacement contentsegments can be provided to the user device 306 from the first contentsource 302 or a local cache on the user device 306. It should also benoted that at least some of the content segments associated with content303 can be replaced many times within the same recorded content (e.g.,recorded program, show, movie). For example, each time recorded content303 is played back by the user device 306, some of the content segmentsassociated with the content 303 can be replaced with an entirely new setof replacement content segments.

In one aspect, the user device 306 can comprise a display unit 316configured to provide the content 303 to the user. The display unit canalso comprise a display screen for presenting content to the user. Asthe display unit 316 renders and/or provides content to the user, thedisplay unit 316 can detect the markers in the content 303. When amarker indicates that a content segment has expired, the display unit316 can switch from the expired content segment to a replacement contentsegment retrieved by the retrieval unit 312. The replacement contentsegment can be displayed as stored on the user device 306 or thereplacement content segment can be streamed by the retrieval unit 312from the first content source 302 or second content source 314.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating another example system 400 forproviding customized content. In one aspect, the system 400 can comprisea content device 402 configured to receive and process content. In oneaspect, the content device 402 can be located the central location 101of FIG. 1 or other location. The content device 402 can receive contentfrom a content source 404 through a network 406. For example, thenetwork 404 can comprise the distribution system 116 of FIG. 1. Thenetwork can be configured to provide content to specified user devices408. For example, the content device 402 can provide the replacementcontent through a packet switched network (e.g., Internet Protocol basednetwork) associated with a user device 408. As another example, thecontent device 402 can provide the replacement content throughanon-packet switched network (e.g., quadrature amplitude modulationunicast based network connection) associated with the user device 408.

Additionally, the content device 402 can provide content to one or moreuser devices 408. For example, the content device 402 can comprise aserver or other computing device configured to provide a cloud computingenvironment such that users can access content from a variety oflocations and user devices 408. A user device 408 can comprise apersonal computer, set-top box, digital streaming device, television,tablet device, mobile device, or other electronic device. One user canbe associated with one or more user devices. The content device 402 canbe configured to provide access to content 412 associated with the userfrom the one or more user devices 408. In another aspect, the contentdevice 402 can be configured as a digital video recorder accessible tousers from a variety of locations and user devices 408.

In an aspect, the content device 402 can comprise a storage unit 410configured to store (e.g., persist, record, save in non-volatile memory)content 412 on the content device 402. For example, a user device 408can provide the content device 402 with an instruction to storespecified content. In one aspect, the specified content can be scheduledto be broadcast from the first content source 404 on a particular dayand time. Accordingly, the instruction can indicate the day and time aswell as other identifying information, such as a source location,channel broadcasting the content, content identifier, and the like. Inone aspect, the content device 402 can receive a plurality ofinstructions to store content from a plurality of user devices 408.

In an aspect, the content device 402 can comprise a parsing unit 416configured to detect and evaluate one or more markers in the content412. For example, the parsing unit 416 can operate in the same manner asthe parsing unit 310 of FIG. 3. For example, the parsing unit 416 canprocess (e.g., read, identify information) markers located in thecontent 412. The markers can comprise expiration information, contentidentifiers, content specifications (e.g., format, aspect ratio,resolution, duration), and the like. Additionally, the parsing unit 416can store information from the markers in a metadata file 418 for lateraccess by the content device 402. The parsing unit 416 can evaluate themarkers to determine if an expiration condition is satisfied asdescribed herein (e.g., in the same or similar manner as the parsingunit 310 of FIG. 3).

In one aspect, the metadata file 418 can store a variety of informationrelated to the content. For example, the metadata file 418 can comprisea list of content segments of particular content. The metadata file 418can comprise identifiers for each content segment and identifiers forthe content of which the content segments are a part. In one aspect, themetadata file 418 can comprise an expiration date and expiration time ofa content segment. In one aspect, the metadata file 418 can comprise anumber of times a content segment has been replaced by another contentsegment. In another aspect, the metadata file 418 can comprise a numberof times the content segments has been played for a user. Similarly, themetadata file 418 can comprise a max number of times a user or all usersare authorized to play the content segment. In one aspect, the metadatafile 418 can comprise a rating value. For example, the rating value canbe compared to a maximum acceptable rating by a user. If the ratingvalue of a content segment exceeds the maximum acceptable rating, thecontent segment can be replaced. The metadata file 418 can compriseother information such as a compression value, additional controlfields, and the like.

In one aspect, the metadata file 418 can be implemented at otherlocations, such as the user device 408. As another example, the metadatafile 418 can be implemented on the user device 306 of FIG. 3. Themetadata file 418 can be stored as a database, text file, and/or thelike. In one aspect, the metadata file 418 can be updated as contentsegments are received at the content device 402. For example, themetadata file 418 can be updated as content segments are received aspart of a content stream. As another example, the metadata file 418 canbe updated as replacement content segments are received by a retrievalunit 420. In one aspect, the updating of the metadata file 418 cantrigger the updating of a manifest file associated with the content. Forexample, if a content segment is replaced in the metadata file 418, themanifest file can be updated with information related to accessing areplacement content segment.

In another aspect, the content device 402 can comprise a retrieval unit420 configured to retrieve replacement content to replace at least aportion of the content 412. The replacement content can comprise aplurality of replacement content segments. For example, a user device408 can request content 412 stored by the storage unit 410 on thecontent device 402. After the content device 402 receives the request,the retrieval unit 420 can access the metadata file 418 to retrieveinformation about the content. In another aspect, the retrieval unit 420can retrieve replacement content before the user device 408 requests thecontent 412. If the information in the metadata file 418 indicates thatsome of the content segments of the content 412 have expired accordingto an expiration condition, then the retrieval unit 420 can requestreplacement content segments from the first content source 404 and/orsecond content source 424. In one aspect, the retrieval unit 420 canevaluate the expiration condition as described herein (e.g., in the sameor similar manner as the parsing unit 310 of FIG. 3). Then, theretrieval unit 420 can download replacement content segments before thecontent 412 is provided in full or in part to the user. The retrievalunit 420 can select replacement content segments to replace contentsegments of the content 412. It should be noted that content segmentscan be replaced more than one time within the content 412. For example,each time the same content is requested by the user device 408, one ormore content segments can be replaced with entirely new replacementcontent segments.

In one aspect, the content device 402 can comprise an access unit 422configured to provide the content 412 to the user devices 408. Theaccess unit 422 can provide the content along with the replacementcontent segments to individual user devices 408 through the network 406.

In one aspect, the access unit 422 can receive a request for contentfrom a user device 408. The user device 408 can request the same contentat different times and geographic locations. For example, a user canrequest content by a user device 408 in a first geographic location in afirst month and request the same content again by the same user device408 while in a second geographic location. Additionally, the user canrequest the same content from a second user device 408. As a furtherexample, a second user can request the content from the first userdevice 408. Accordingly, each time a user device 408 requests thecontent, the access unit 422 can provide customized content (e.g., therequested content with some of the content segments replaced) from theretrieval unit 420 based on the information received from the userdevice. Thus, different user devices 408 associated with the same useror associated with a different user can be provided content withdifferent content segments. Additionally, the same user using the sameuser device 408 can be provided content with different content segmentsdepending on the time and geographic location of the user device 408when the content is requested. As a further example, a user device 408can be provided content on day X, but the user device 408 can wait untilday Y to play the content. Accordingly, the user device 408 can requestthe content again before playback, and the content device 402 canprovide the content again but with one or more updated content segments.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example system 500 forproviding customized content. Generally, the system 500 can beconfigured for collection, storage, real-time retrieval of DVR scheduledrecordings. The system 500 can be configured to insert advertising on aper-subscriber basis. The system 500 can comprise a control mechanism tomanage which viewers receive which content. The system 500 can beconfigured to substitute advertising content based on user data, such asthe schedule of local DVR recordings. For example, users who have apre-set recording for a particular show will not see promotional spotsfor said show, but will instead, see other advertising content.

In one aspect, the system 500 can comprise a user device 502 configuredto receive content from a content source 504 through a network 506. Forexample, the network 506 can comprise the distribution system 116 ofFIG. 1. The user device 502 can provide the content to a user. The userdevice 502 can comprise a storage unit 508 configured to store firstcontent 509 received from the content source 504. For example, thestorage unit 508 can comprise a digital video recorder configured tostore content on the user device 502.

In one aspect, the user device 502 can comprise a usage unit 510configured to store information about the user device 502 and/or user.The usage unit 510 can store a history of instructions 512 received fromthe user. For example, in one aspect, the user device 502 can receive aninstruction from a user to record and/or store specified first content509 being broadcast by the content source 504 at a specified day andtime. For example, the first content 509 can be scheduled to bebroadcast from the content source 504 on a particular day and time.Accordingly, the instruction 512 can indicate the day and time as wellas other identifying information, such as a source location, channelbroadcasting the content, content identifier, and the like.Additionally, the instructions 512 can also comprise a request to recordcontent that is currently being broadcast to the user device 502. Inanother aspect, first content 509 can be prerecorded content stored atthe content source 504 accessible upon request of the user device (e.g.,video on demand) 502. Thus, the instructions 512 can comprise a requestto record the first content 509 as the content is streamed to the userdevice 502, a request to copy or stream the first content 509 from thecontent source to the user device 502, or other similar request.Additionally, the usage unit 510 can store information about the user'sviewing history for recorded content, streamed content, and/or broadcastcontent.

In one aspect, the content source 504 can comprise a retrieval unit 512configured to retrieve the information stored by the usage unit 510 ofthe user device 502. The retrieval unit 514 can request the informationfrom the user device at regular intervals and/or at the occurrence of aspecified event. In another aspect, the user device 502 can beconfigured to automatically provide the information stored by the usageunit 510. The user device 502 can provide the information to theretrieval unit 514 at regular intervals and/or at the occurrence of aspecified event. The user device 502 can also provide the information innear real time. As an example, the user device 502 can provideinformation to the retrieval unit 514 at the time (e.g., or within atime based on the user device processing capabilities and networkbandwidth) the user provides an instruction to the user device 502. Inone aspect, the information can be provided through a Session InitiationProtocol (SIP) Inform message, SIP Notify message, SIP Invite message,Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Trap message, an Alohaprotocol based message, or the like. The information provided by theuser device 502 to the content source 504 can comprise, for example, anidentifier of the user device 502, an identifier of the first content509 that the user is scheduled to record, the scheduled time forrecording, and the like.

In another aspect, the content source 504 can comprise an insertion unit516 configured to insert and/or replace content or content segmentswithin second content 517. The insertion unit 516 can process theinformation received by the retrieval unit 514. For example, if theinformation received from the user device 502 indicates that the userdevice 502 has scheduled to record specific first content 509, theinsertion unit 516 can replace a content segment in the second content517 based on the information. As a further example, if the secondcontent 517 comprises a content segment advertising content and the userinformation indicates that the user device 502 is scheduled to recordcontent X, then the insertion unit 516 can replace the content segmentwith advertising content Y. Thus, the content source 504 canintelligently select other advertising content which may be moreappropriate and/or valuable to the advertiser. The content source 504can then provide the user device 502 with the second content 517 whichcan comprise one or more replaced and/or updated content segments.

In one aspect, the insertion unit 516 can provide the second content 517to a plurality of user devices 502. The insertion unit 516 can provideeach of the user devices 502 with the second content 517 customized tothe particular user device 502 based on the information received by theuser device 502. In one aspect, the second content 517 can be providedto each of the user devices 502 through an Internet Protocol (IP) basednetwork. For example, each user device 502 can be associated with adistinct IP address. In another aspect, the content source 504 canprovide an instruction to a user device 502 to switch to one or moresecondary video streams and/or channels. In one aspect, the secondaryvideo streams can be provided on a quadrature amplitude modulation basedcontent delivery network. For example, the user device 502 can be a settop box (e.g., cable box) configured to switch to the secondary streambased on the instruction from the content source 504. The user device502 can be configured to switch between streams substantially seamlessly(e.g., with little or no interruption of playback noticeable by anaverage user).

The plurality of streams can allow customization of content segments toindividual users and/or content customization on groups of users. Forexample, the content source 504 can detect and/or receive geographicinformation indicating the location of several user devices 502 in thesame region and provide a secondary content stream with a contentsegment relevant to the particular region in which the user devices 502are located. Then, the content source 504 can provide an instruction tosome or all of the user devices 502 in the region to switch to therelevant secondary stream. Additionally, the content segments can becustomized based on other information such as user device type, userdevice preferences, user device history, demographics associated with auser device (e.g., age, nationality, language), and the like.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example method 600 for providingcontent. In step 602, content can be stored or otherwise readied fordelivery to users or devices. The content can comprise at least a firstsegment (e.g., advertisement or other content). In one aspect, thecontent can be received from a content provider. For example, thecontent can be received through a quadrature amplitude modulation basedcontent distribution and/or access network. In one aspect, the contentcan be stored on a user device. For example, the content can be storedon a local digital video recorder. The user device can comprise a settop box, digital video recorder, television, digital streaming device,mobile device, tablet device, smart phone, laptop, computing deviceand/or the like.

In another aspect, the content can be stored on a computer configured toallow access to the content through a cloud computing service. Thecontent can be stored in a cloud space dedicated to a particular user inthe cloud computer service. For example, a content provider can storethe content on a network device at a remote network location from theuser device. The remote network location can be an edge device or othercontent device of a content delivery network and/or access network.

In step 604, a request for the content can be received. For example, theuser can request the content from a device where the content is beingstored.

In step 606, user demographics can be accessed (e.g., received,analyzed). User demographics can comprise at least one of geographiclocation, type of the user device, user preference, content viewinghistory, language preference, content preferences, and/or the like.

In step 608, an expiration condition of the first segment can bedetermined. For example, one or more segment markers configured toidentify the first segment can be identified in the content. The one ormore segment markers can comprise a time expiration marker. The timeexpiration marker can comprise the expiration condition of the firstsegment. For example, the expiration condition can comprise anexpiration time. In another aspect, the one or more segment markers cancomprise an identifier marker. In one aspect, the expiration conditioncan be based on a change in user demographics.

As another example, in step 608, an expiration notification can bereceived from a content provider. The expiration notification cancomprise an identifier of the first segment. The identifier marker ofthe first segment can be associated with the identifier of the firstsegment. For example, the content provider can send the expirationnotification to prevent a hardware and/or software problem fromoccurring due to the first segment and/or computer code associated withthe first segment.

In step 610, the second segment (e.g., advertisement or other content)can be received or accessed. For example, the second segment can bereceived from the content provider through an internet protocol stream,a quadrature amplitude modulation based stream, or other network stream.In another aspect, the second segment can be accessed from a knownsource, such as a database. In step 612, the first segment can bereplaced with the second segment based on the expiration condition. Forexample, the first segment can be replaced with the second segment if arequest time is after the expiration time. The request time can be atime associated with the request for the content. For example, therequest time can be the time at which the first segment was requested.As a further illustration, an index file (e.g., manifest file) listingthe first segment and/or content fragments thereof (e.g., and thelocations for accessing the content segments) can be updated such thesecond segment (e.g., and/or content fragments thereof) is listedinstead of the first segment (e.g., and/or content fragments thereof).

In step 614, the second segment can be provided. The second segment canbe provided in response to the request. For example, the second segmentcan be provided from a user device (e.g., router, set top box, digitalvideo recorder), network device (e.g., network based digital videorecorder), and/or the like.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example method 700 for providingcontent. In step 702, user data (e.g., scheduled recording or prior usedata) can be requested from a user device. For example, a contentprovider can request user data from a user device. In one aspect, theuser device can comprise a digital video recorder. In step 704, userdata can be received. In one aspect, the user data can indicate firstcontent scheduled to be recorded on a user device. Additionally, userdata can comprise at least one of a user identifier, a programidentifier of the first content, and a time scheduled for recording thefirst content on the user device. In one aspect, user data can bereceived through at least one of a session initiation protocol message,a simple network management protocol message, and a hypertext transferprotocol message.

In step 706, the user data can be processed (e.g., stored, read,analyzed) in a database configured to store user data of a plurality ofsubscribers. In step 708, a segment (e.g., advertisement or othercontent) can be inserted into second content based on the user data. Forexample, a first segment in the second content can be replaced with asecond segment. The first segment can be an advertisement related to thefirst content. For example, if the user data indicates that the userdevice is scheduled to record the first content, then the first segmentmay have less value to an advertiser than an advertisement for contentthat the user devices is not already scheduled to record. As a furtherillustration, an index file (e.g., manifest file) listing the firstsegment and/or content fragments thereof (e.g., and the locations foraccessing the content segments) can be updated such the second segment(e.g., and/or content fragments thereof) is listed instead of the firstsegment (e.g., and/or content fragments thereof).

In step 710, the second content having the segment can be provided tothe user device. For example, the second content can be provided througha quadrature amplitude modulation based content delivery network. In oneaspect, first content and the second content are the same. For example,if the second content comprises an advertisement for the second content,the user can be provided with an advertisement related to other content.

While the methods and systems have been described in connection withpreferred embodiments and specific examples, it is not intended that thescope be limited to the particular embodiments set forth, as theembodiments herein are intended in all respects to be illustrativerather than restrictive.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, it is in no way intended that anymethod set forth herein be construed as requiring that its steps beperformed in a specific order. Accordingly, where a method claim doesnot actually recite an order to be followed by its steps or it is nototherwise specifically stated in the claims or descriptions that thesteps are to be limited to a specific order, it is no way intended thatan order be inferred, in any respect. This holds for any possiblenon-express basis for interpretation, including: matters of logic withrespect to arrangement of steps or operational flow; plain meaningderived from grammatical organization or punctuation; the number or typeof embodiments described in the specification.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and variations can be made without departing from thescope or spirit. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled inthe art from consideration of the specification and practice disclosedherein. It is intended that the specification and examples be consideredas exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by thefollowing claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: receiving a request forcontent comprising at least a first segment; determining an expirationcondition of the first segment, wherein the expiration conditionspecifies a condition for when the first segment is no longer valid tobe played in the content; replacing the first segment with a secondsegment based on the expiration condition; and providing the secondsegment in response to the request.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising receiving the content from a content provider and storing thecontent on a user device.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprisingreceiving the second segment from the content provider through aninternet protocol stream, and wherein receiving the content from thecontent provider comprises receiving the content through a quadratureamplitude modulation based content distribution network.
 4. The methodof claim 2, wherein the receiving the content from the content providercomprises receiving the content on a digital video recorder.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising storing the content on a computerconfigured to allow access to the content through a cloud computingservice.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an expirationcondition comprises identifying one or more segment markers in thecontent configured to identify the first segment.
 7. The method of claim6, wherein the one or more segment markers comprise a time expirationmarker, the time expiration marker comprises the expiration condition ofthe first segment and the expiration condition comprises an expirationtime.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein replacing the first segmentcomprises replacing the first segment with the second segment if arequest time is after the expiration time, wherein the request timecomprises a time associated with the request for the content.
 9. Themethod of claim 6, wherein the one or more segment markers comprise anidentifier marker and determining the expiration condition comprises:receiving an expiration notification from a content provider, theexpiration notification comprising an identifier of the first segment;and associating the identifier marker of the first segment with theidentifier of the first segment.
 10. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising accessing user demographics, wherein the expiration conditionis based on a change in the user demographics.
 11. The method of claim1, wherein the expiration condition comprises a maximum number of timesthe first segment is allowed to be played.
 12. A method, comprising:receiving user data indicating first content scheduled to be recorded ona user device; receiving a request for second content from the userdevice; determining a first content segment relevant to a user based onthe user data indicating the first content scheduled to be recorded;inserting the first content segment into the second content; andproviding the second content comprising the first content segment to theuser device.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein inserting the firstcontent segment into the second content comprises replacing a secondcontent segment in the second content with the first content segment.14. The method of claim 13, wherein the second content segment comprisesan advertisement related to the first content.
 15. The method of claim12, wherein the user data is received through at least one of a sessioninitiation protocol message, a simple network management protocolmessage, and a hypertext transfer protocol message.
 16. The method ofclaim 12, wherein the user data comprises at least one of a useridentifier, a program identifier of the first content, and a timescheduled for recording the first content on the user device.
 17. Themethod of claim 12, further comprising requesting the user data from theuser device.
 18. The method of claim 12, wherein the second content isprovided through a quadrature amplitude modulation based contentdelivery network.
 19. The method of claim 12, wherein inserting thefirst content segment into the second content comprises replacing anadvertisement for the first content with the first content segment. 20.The method of claim 12, wherein determining the first content segmentrelevant to the user based on the user data indicating the first contentscheduled to be recorded comprises determining an advertisement thatdoes not advertise the first content.